Information About Ethanol
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We have tried to supply this information in laymen's terms so anyone with an interest can understand. This information might take ten minutes to read through, but it cuts all the junk and tells it how it really is so everyone can understand about Ethanol.

First thing I would like to say is that any government officials or so-called self appointed officials who do not endorse ethanol have a separate agenda. They are biased do to lobbying by Big Oil and OPEC. They do not want to see America in the Ethanol revival, solely do to the fact that they are lining their pockets by not pushing a clean fuel for Real Americans.

There is a lot of talk about comparing ethanol to gasoline. The only thing they have in common is that they are both fuels. They have different properties, different manufacturing processes and different chemical compositions. They come from basically the same place, but have gone through different processes to become fuel. 

Oil is plant matter that has been covered by earth and over millions of years has turned in to a crude oil that has to be refined into gasoline, diesel, heating oil, jet fuel, kerosene, butane, plastics and many other products we use every day. Crude oil damages the environment. Wild life, people and the atmosphere are all at risk form this dirty burning fuel. Smog and spills and all the chemical by-products spewing every day are extremely toxic and are gradually killing this planet. There is no good way to dispose of this waste.
 

Ethanol is a made from fresh plant matter that just has to be grown each year. This plant matter creates oxygen and reduces carbon monoxide. Plants breath carbon monoxide and expel oxygen. So this is the first good point. Next, the waste from Ethanol production is clean. It is used for feeding live stock that feeds America. Or the waste can be used as compost and fertilizers. It is just plain safe. Ethanol burns 92% cleaner. This means it will reduce the smog and help the ozone layer as well.

If Ethanol had an octane rating, it would be around 116, which is much greater than any gasoline that can be produced. It burns cleaner, it burns cooler, saving the life of your vehicle. It saves on the maintenance of your vehicle.

Quotes from Mother Earth about Ethanol. It is Very Well Said:

ETHANOL FACTS
QUOTE FROM MOTHER EARTH FUEL: Regardless of the inherent differences between gasoline and alcohol, though, the fact is that alcohols make ideal motor fuels. The first practical internal combustion engine - patented by Nicolas Otto in 1877 - ran on alcohol (gasoline had not been "discovered" yet), and the Model A Ford, produced from 1928 to 1931, was designed to burn a variety of fuels ... alcohol being one of them. In addition, Studebaker trucks built for export in the 1930's (and various domestic tractors sold both in the U.S. and abroad) were offered with either gasoline or alcohol fuel systems. (Indeed, at the start of the "motorized era", alcohol was just as common as - if not more so than - fossil fuels. But as time went on, the petroleum industry - which was organized and thus more powerful than the independent, often farm-based alcohol producers - lobbied successfully for the wholesale use of "superior" gasoline fuels. Strangely enough, in areas where petroleum had to be exclusively imported, or during time of war when gasoline supplies were rationed, alcohol suddenly became an excellent motor fuel again ... and was touted as
such by the petroleum distributors who were selling it!)

"OCTANE" RATING
Actually, when referring to alcohol fuels, the word "octane" does not apply, since octane (in its pure form) is merely the hydrocarbon in gasoline which is assigned the numerical value of 100 for fuel-rating purposes. The octane number given automotive fuels is really an indication of the ability of the fuel to resist premature detonation within the combustion chamber. (Premature detonation, or engine knock, comes about when the fuel/air mixture ignites spontaneously toward the end of the compression stroke because of intense heat and pressure within the combustion chamber. Since the spark plug is supposed to ignite the mixture at a slightly later point in the engine cycle, pre-ignition is undesirable, and can actually damage or even ruin an engine.)

Because a high compression ratio in an engine results in more power per stroke, greater efficiency, and better economy, it's easy to see why a fuel that resists pre-ignition even under high compression conditions is especially desirable ... and alcohol is, on the average, about 16 points higher on the research octane scale than premium gasoline.

HEAT VALUE
The heating value of a fuel is a measure of how much energy we can get from it on a per-unit basis, be it pounds or gallons. When comparing alcohol to gasoline using this "measuring stick", it's obvious that ethanol contains only about 63% of the energy that gasoline does ... mainly because of the presence of oxygen in the alcohol's structure. But since alcohol undergoes different changes as it's vaporized and compressed in an engine, the outright heating value of the ethanol isn't as important when it's used as a motor fuel.

The fact that there's oxygen in the alcohol's structure also means that this fuel will naturally be "leaner" in comparison to gasoline fuel without making any changes to the jets in the carburetor. This is one reason why we must enrich the air/fuel mixture (add more fuel) when burning alcohol by increasing the size of the jets, which we'll discuss further in another section.

VOLATILITY
The volatility of a fuel refers to its ability to be vaporized. This is an important factor, because if vaporization doesn't occur readily, the fuel can't be evenly mixed with air and is of little value in an engine. Some substances that are highly volatile can't easily be used as a motor fuel ... and others, which have excellent heating value, aren't volatile enough to be used in an engine (such as tars and waxes).

Another point to keep in mind is that a very volatile fuel is potentially dangerous, because of the chance of explosion from heat or sparks. This is one reason why alcohol, with a higher flash point than gasoline, is a much safer automotive fuel ... especially considering that the average car's storage tank is really quite vulnerable.


LATENT HEAT OF VAPORIZATION
Latent heat of vaporization is the phenomenon that results in an alcohol-powered engine's running cooler than its gasoline-fueled counterpart. When a substance is about to undergo a change in form (from a liquid to a vapor, in this case), it must absorb a certain amount of additional heat from its surroundings in order for the change to take place. Since alcohol must absorb roughly 2-1/2 times the amount of heat that gasoline does, and the heat naturally is taken from the engine block, the engine should operate at a much lower temperature ... in theory, that is.

What happens in reality is that the alcohol/air mixture doesn't have time to absorb all the heat it could during its short trip through the engine manifold. So instead of running 2-1/2 times cooler on alcohol than it does on gasoline (which, by the way, would not be desirable ... since an engine must retain a certain amount of heat to run efficiently), the engine operates at temperatures only slightly cooler - about 20-40 deg F lower, depending on the specific engine when using alcohol fuel.

EXHAUST EMISSIONS
When gasoline is burned in an engine, it produces carbon monoxide and other poisonous fumes ... mostly because of the fact that the fuel never combusts completely, and also because it's subjected to extreme temperatures and pressures. In addition, as we mentioned before, gasoline is a complex mixture of many substances ... and some of those substances are lead, sulfur, and other noxious materials. These, too, add to the contaminative effects of the engine's exhaust fumes.

Alcohol, on the other hand, burns much cleaner. Even though it, too, never combusts completely, the volume of noxious fumes is drastically reduced in an alcohol-burning engine ... because alcohol contains oxygen in its structure (which means more thorough combustion) but doesn't contain all the other pollutants necessary as additives in gasoline.

For comparison purposes, MOTHER's researchers ran tests on a 1978 Chevrolet taxicab ... which, operating in New York City, was subject to some of the most stringent pollution controls in the nation. (In order for cabs to be licensed, they must undergo - and pass - four scheduled EPA tests a year for carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons emissions.) Naturally, the taxi that MOTHER's crew tested was a lot less polluting than the average American automobile, but even in perfect tune it just "squeaked by" the tests using gasoline ... registering nearly a 1-1/2% CO and a 200 parts per million HC exhaust content (both just under the legal limit).

With Ethanol fuel, however, the test results improved enormously. Even with all pollution controls removed from the engine (except for the PCV valve), the cab registered a mere 0.08% CO and only 25 PPM of HC ... the equivalent of 95% less CO and 87.5% less HC, or a total of about 92% cleaner!

END OF QUOTES!
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E85 Federal Tax Forms

Fuel

IRS Form 8849
Form 8849 is an excise tax refund form. It is used to claim a refund for the lower excise tax on E85 (13 cents per gallon) in situations where the higher excise tax (18.4 cents per gallon) has been paid. This form is filed separately from a company's income tax return, with a separate IRS office that handles excise taxes. http://www.e85fuel.com/pdf/irsf8849.pdf

Schedule 3, (Form 8849): 
Alcohol Fuel Mixtures and Biodiesel Mixtures http://www.e85fuel.com/pdf/irsf8849.pdf

IRS Form 6478
Form 6478 to claim the fuel tax credit is filed with the income tax return. So it is very possible that a company would file both Form 8849 and Form 6478 to claim the excise tax refund and the fuel tax credit. http://www.e85fuel.com/pdf/irs_form_6478.pdf

IRS Form 637:
Application for Registration (For Certain Excise Tax Activities) http://www.e85fuel.com/pdf/irsf637.pdf

IRS Publication 378: 
Fuel Tax Credits and Refunds.  You may be able to claim federal fuel tax credits on your income tax return. http://www.e85fuel.com/pdf/IRS%20378.pdf

IRS Form 720
Part I, of Form 720, "Fuel Taxes", has been revised to eliminate the reduced rates of excise tax provided under prior law for three blending levels of gasohol.   http://www.e85fuel.com/pdf/irsf720_2005.pdf

Part I, Item 62, pertaining to fuel taxes on gasoline, has a new tax rate imposed on the sale of an ethanol gasoline blend.  

Thank You for reading this information. I hope this helps you in getting started in the exciting PAY-OFF Hobby of making your own fuel. We know it will!